Linaoa tsa cocoa tse omisitsoeng ka letsatsi li romeloa fekthering, ka molao li qala leeto la eona la phetoho ... Ho tloha linaoa tse babang ho ea ho tsokolate e monate, ho hlokahala letoto la mekhoa ea ho sebetsa.Ho ea ka ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso, e ka aroloa hoo e ka bang ka mekhoa e 3, pulping Pressing, ho sila hantle le ho hloekisa, ho fetola mocheso le ho bōpa.
Hona joale, libaka tse ngata tsa lefats'e li ntse li boloka mokhoa oa pele oa ho lokisa linaoa tsa cocoa ka maiketsetso, empa tse entsoeng ka letsoho ho tloha linaoa tsa cocoa ho ea ho tsokolate, tatso e tla ba e thata.Kahoo sehlooho sena se bua haholo kamokhoa oa ho sebelisa mechini ho phethela letoto lena la ts'ebetso
1. Ho sila le Pressing
Linaoa tsa cocoa lia siloa ebe lia hatelloa ho fumana joala ba cocoa, botoro ea cocoa le phofo ea cocoa.
Pele o potla le ho hatella, e tlameha ho feta mothating oa khetho ea linaoa, ho hlatsoa linaoa, ho halika, ho olōsa le ho silakanya.Khetho ea linaoa, joalo ka ha lebitso le fana ka maikutlo, ke ho lekola linaoa tsa cocoa tse sa tšoaneleheng kapa tse senyehileng.Hlatsoa linaoa, li hlatsoe 'me u li omelle.Ebe u qala ho baka, ho olōsa, ho sila le ho sila hamonate ho fumana joala ba cocoa, 'me boima ba joala ba cocoa bo pholisoe ho fumana boima ba joala ba cocoa.Joala ba cocoa bo hatelloa ka mochini oa oli ho ntša botoro ea cocoa.Cocoa powder ke kuku ea cocoa e setseng ka mor'a hore mokelikeli oa cocoa o hateloe ho tlosa oli, ebe oa siloa, oa siloa, 'me oa siloa ho fumana phofo e bofubelu bo sootho.
1.1 Ho baka - Mochini oa Roaster oa Cocoa
Dinawa tsa cocoa di besitswe ka mocheso o phahameng o pakeng tsa 100 le 120°C.Ts'ebetso eohle e nka metsotso e 30 ho netefatsa hore linaoa tsa cocoa li hlahisa tatso e monate ea cocoa kamora ho halikisoa.
1.2 Ho Hlōla le ho Hlōla - Mochini oa ho Hlōla le ho Hlōla Cocoa
Ka mor'a ho halika, linaoa tsa cocoa li fetoha 'mala o lefifi, haufi le' mala o lefifi oa chokolete ka boeona.Linaoa tsa cocoa li pholile ka potlako, 'me likhetla tse tšesaane tse senyehang ha li halikiloe li tlameha ho tlosoa, tse hlokang hore li-fan li butsoe matlalo.Li-nibs, e leng karolo e ka sebelisoang ea linaoa tsa cocoa, lia siuoa ebe li siloa hore e be linaoa.Mohato ona o bitsoa ho olōsa le ho silakanya, 'me ho na le mekhoa e mengata e fapaneng, e bolotsana ka ho fetisisa ke ho tlosa letlalo ka ho feletseng ntle le ho lahleheloa ke linaoa tsa fatše.Haeba ho na le letlalo le manganga le kopantsoeng le chokolete, le tla tlisa monko o monate.
Ts'ebetso ena e ka boela ea etsoa sethaleng sa pele ho ho halika pele e halika.Linaoa tsohle li hloka ho halikiloe sebakeng sa 400 ° C ka metsotsoana e 100, e le hore linaoa tsa cocoa li be bonolo ho tšolla letlalo la linaoa ka mor'a ts'ebetso ena.E ntan'o siloa ka lijo-thollo tse nyenyane haholo, matlalo leha e le afe a cocoa a tlosoa ts'ebetsong, pele a halikiloe.
Lifemeng tse ngata, ts'ebetso ena e etsoa ka "fan crusher", mochini o moholo o fefolang li-hulls.Mochine o fetisa linaoa ka har'a li-cones tse serrated e le hore li robehe ho e-na le hore li pshatlehe.Nakong ea ts'ebetso, letoto la lisefa tsa mochini li arola likotoana ka likaroloana tsa boholo bo sa tšoaneng ha lifenehi li butsoela khetla e ka ntle e tšesaane hole le likotoana tsa pulpy.
1.3 Ho sila hantle - Colloid Mill&Melanger
Fekthering ea morao-rao ea chokolete, u ka khetha ho sebelisa leloala la colloid kapa leloala la majoe ho sila linaoa tse pshatlehileng hore e be slurry.
Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea leloala la colloid ke ho kuta, ho sila, le ho sisinyeha ka lebelo le phahameng.Ho sila ho etsahala ka mokhoa o lekanyelitsoeng pakeng tsa meno a mabeli, le leng le potoloha ka lebelo le phahameng ha le leng le ntse le eme.Ntle le ho sisinyeha ha maqhubu a phahameng le lebelo le phahameng la eddy hona joale, thepa e pakeng tsa meno e boetse e tlas'a ho kuta ka matla le ho apara.Lisebelisoa li tla silafatsoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, li hasane, 'me li behiloe ka emulsified.
Masila a majoe a sebelisa lirolara tse peli tsa granite bakeng sa ho sila ho tsoelang pele.Botoro ea cocoa e ka har'a linaoa tsa cocoa nibs le eona e lokolloa butle ka mor'a hore e siloe hantle ka nako e telele ea ho bilika ho sa khaotse, ho etsa karolo e teteaneng ea slurry, e kopanang ka mor'a ho pholile.
Ha e le hantle, ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho sila hantle le ho hloekisa, ha ho letho le fetang ho fetola "grinding blender" e ntle bakeng sa ho sila ho tsoelang pele.
Botoro ea cocoa e sebetsa joalo ka setlolo ha tsoekere le phofo ea cocoa li siloa ka likaroloana tse nyane.Molomo oa motho o khona ho latsoa likaroloana tse kholo ho feta 20 microns.Kaha motho e mong le e mong o rata ho natefeloa ke chokolete e boreleli haholo le e ruileng, re tlameha ho etsa bonnete ba hore likaroloana tsohle tsa chokolete li nyane ho feta boholo bona.Ka mantsoe a mang, phofo ea cocoa e tlameha ho sila ka tlase ho li-microns tse 20, e leng mohato o latelang oa ho hloekisa le ho hloekisa, kahoo o hloka ho tsoela pele ho sila nako e telele.
Melanger
Colloid Mill
1.4 Mochini oa ho Hlōla Oli le Mochini oa ho Hlōla phofo
Botoro ea cocoa le phofo ea cocoa li na le mokelikeli oa cocoa kapa boima ba metsi bo hlahisoang kamora ho phunya, bo hlokang ho ntšoa ka ho hatella.Hlakola joala ea cocoa ho arola botoro ea cocoa, e nang le mafura a 100%, ebe u sila kaka e setseng ea linaoa ho etsa phofo ea cocoa, e nang le mafura a 10-22%.
Beha mokelikeli oa cocoa ka har'a mochine oa khatiso oa oli, 'me o tla phahamisoa ke piston ea moqomo oa oli,' me oli e tla phalla ho tsoa sekheong sa ho phunya, ebe o kenya moqomo oa oli ka poleiti e amohelang oli ho boloka oli.
Ho na le lihlopha tse 'maloa tsa lithipa tse tsamaeang (kapa li-prism kapa lihlooho tsa hamore) ka har'a lebili le potolohang ka har'a leloala, le sete ea lithipa tse tsitsitseng ka har'a lesale.Nakong ea ho thulana ha seha pakeng tsa thipa e tsamaeang le thipa e tsitsitseng, thepa e sithabetse.Ka nako e ts'oanang, kamore e senyang e hlahisa moea, o ntšang mocheso hammoho le sehlahisoa se felileng ho tloha skrineng.
2. Ho Hloekisa-Chocolate Conching Machine
E le ho lelekisa chokolete e hloekileng e lefifi, ha ho hlokahale hore u kenye lisebelisoa leha e le life tse thusang, esita le tsoekere ea motheo, empa ena ke khetho ea ba fokolang ka mor'a tsohle.Ntle le boima ba cocoa, botoro ea cocoa le phofo ea cocoa, tlhahiso e tsebahalang ea chokolete e boetse e hloka metsoako e kang tsoekere, lihlahisoa tsa lebese, lecithin, litatso le li-surfactants.Sena se hloka ho hloekisoa le ho hloekisoa.Ho sila le ho hloekisa ha e le hantle ke tsoelo-pele ea mokhoa o fetileng.Le hoja botle ba thepa ea tsokolate ka mor'a ho sila bo fihlile se hlokahalang, ha bo na lubricated ka ho lekaneng 'me tatso ha e khotsofatse.Lisebelisoa tse sa tšoaneng ha li e-s'o kopane ka ho feletseng hore e be tatso e ikhethang.Tatso e 'ngoe e sa thabiseng e ntse e le teng, kahoo ho hlokahala ntlafatso e eketsehileng.
Theknoloji ena e qapiloe ke Rudolph Lindt (mothehi oa Lindt 5 grams) qetellong ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo.Lebaka leo ka lona e bitsoang "Conching" ke hobane qalong e ne e le tanka e chitja e bōpehileng joaloka khetla ea conch.Conch (conche) e rehiloe ho tsoa ho "concha" ea Sepanishe, e bolelang khetla.Thepa ea mokelikeli oa chokolete e fetoloa khafetsa ke rolara nako e telele ka tankeng e joalo, e sutumelletsa le ho phunya ho fumana lubrication e bobebe, monko o monate le tatso e ikhethang ea tatso, ts'ebetso ena e bitsoa "ho sila le ho hloekisa"
Ha ho ntse ho hloekisoa, ho ka eketsoa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse thusang.
Mochini oa 3.Mould-Tempering & Moulding
Tempering ke mohato oa ho qetela oa tlhahiso 'me o na le phello e kholo phihlelong ea ho qetela ea tsokolate bakeng sa bareki.A na u kile ua ba le chokolete e neng e le mahlahahlaha 'me e na le filimi e tšoeu e opaque ka ntle?E ka 'na eaba ho halefisa ha hoa etsoa hantle kapa ho na le ho hong ho phoso ka metsoako.
Ho fihla botebong ba potso ena, o hloka ho tseba lintho tse 'maloa ka botoro ea cocoa.Botoro ea cocoa e etsa karolo ea 48-57% ea boima ba linaoa tsa cocoa.Ke ntho e etsang hore tsokolate e se ke ea qhibiliha letsohong (e tiileng mochesong oa kamore) e qhibilihang feela ka hanong (e qala ho qhibiliha mocheso oa 'mele).Ho beha sengoathoana sa chokolete lelemeng la hao le ho utloa hore e qhibiliha butle-butle ka hanong la hao ke tse ling tsa litšobotsi tse hohelang ka ho fetisisa tsa chokolete, 'me tsohle li leboha botoro ea cocoa.
Botoro ea cocoa ke polymorphic, e bolelang hore, tlas'a maemo a fapaneng a ho tiisa, e etsa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea likristale, tse ka bang tse tsitsitseng kapa tse sa tsitsang.Likristale tse tsitsitseng li tletse haufi-ufi 'me li na le lintlha tse phahameng tsa ho qhibiliha ho feta likristale tse sa tsitsang.Ka hona, re tlameha ho fetola mocheso ho etsa bonnete ba hore botoro ea cocoa le botoro ea cocoa-joaloka mofuta o tsitsitseng oa kristale, ebe o o pholile ka nepo e le hore tsokolate e be le khanya e ntle mme e se ke ea thunya nako e telele.Hangata mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa chokolete o kenyelletsa mehato e latelang
1. Qhibiliha tsokolate ka ho feletseng
2. Ho pholile ho ea boemong ba mocheso oa crystallization
3. Hlahisa crystallization
4. Qhibiliha likristale tse sa tsitsang
Mocheso o ka fetoloa ka letsoho, empa mocheso o tlameha ho ba o nepahetseng.Ho khetha mochini o futhumatsang chokolete o laolang mocheso ka nepo ho phapang ea mocheso o ka tlase ho ± 0.2 ho ka u thusa hantle haholo.Ho futhumatsa ha chokolete e fapaneng le hona ha ho lumellane ka ho felletseng:
Hang ha moriana oa tsokolate o se o halefile hantle, o tlameha ho bōptjoa hang-hang, ebe o pholile ho lokisa sebopeho le ho o fetola boemo bo tsitsitseng bo tiileng.E ka tšeloa ka letsoho kapa ka mochine.Ho tšeloa ka letsoho ka har'a hlobo ha ho nepahale joalo ka ho tšela mochini, kahoo soso e feteletseng e hloka ho hlakoloa.Ka mor'a ho pholile, e ka etsoa ka tsokolate e ntle.
Nako ea poso: Nov-28-2022