Wofukula zakale atapeza zotsalira za koko mu mitsuko yakumwa ya Puebloan zaka khumi zapitazo, zotsatira zake zinali zazikulu.Kupeza kwake chokoleti kunatsimikizira kuti anthu okhala m'chipululu chakumwera chakumadzulo ku Chaco Canyon anali akuchita malonda ndi okolola koko ku Mesoamerican, monga Maya, kuyambira 900 CE.

Koma ziwiya zomwera ndizofunika kwambiri ngati chokoleti chobisika mkati mwake.Iwo ali umboni weniweni wa mwambo woumba mbiya umene ukupitirizabe m’mafuko a mbadwa za Chaco Canyon Puebloans lerolino.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History inagwirizana ndi zofukula zakale zomwe zinasonkhanitsa zombo zina za silinda kuchokera ku Chaco Canyon.Awiri mwa iwo tsopano akuwonetsedwa pachiwonetsero cha "Objects of Wonder" cha mumyuziyamu.Kupeza mitsukoyi ndi chikumbutso cha mbiri yakale ya atsamunda mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, koma masiku ano akatswiri odziwa za chikhalidwe cha anthu a mumyuziyamu ali ndi cholinga chatsopano cha mitsuko ndi zoumba zina: kuzigwirizanitsa ndi anthu amtunduwu omwe akutsogolera kukonzanso chikhalidwe m'madera awo.

Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu ya nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ya Recovering Voices imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi anthu amtundu wamtundu wa Hopi wa a Chaco Puebloans kuti amvetsetse bwino miyambo yopangira mbiya.Kumadzetsanso oumba okhazikika m’mipambo kuti aziphunzira kwa mbadwo wotsatira.

"Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti dziko lasintha kwambiri ndipo malo ambiri osungiramo zinthu zakale amapeza malo omwe mwina samayenera kukhala nawo.Tsopano ndikofunikira kukhala pansi ndikumvetsera zomwe anthu ndi madera akuluakulu akutiuza, "adatero Dr. Torben Rick, Woyang'anira North American Archaeology ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale.“Zambiri zitha kutuluka pamenepo.Ndikuganiza kuti ndikofunikira kuti Natural History Museum ipite patsogolo ndikuyesa kukhazikika kwambiri m'derali.

Chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1200, Chaco Canyon mwadzidzidzi inatha kutha kwa mitsuko yakumwa yamadzi.Anthu a ku Pueblo adanyamula mitsuko 112 m'chipinda cha Pueblo Bonito ndikuyatsa chipindacho.Ngakhale kuti ankamwabe chokoleti, sanagwiritsenso ntchito mitsuko ya silinda, kusonyeza kuti mitsukoyo inali yofunika kwambiri pachipembedzo ngati khola lenilenilo.

“Zotengerazo zinkaoneka ngati zamphamvu ndipo zinawonongedwa ndi moto.Umboni umasonyeza kuti zinali zombo zapadera,” anatero Dr. Patricia Crown, katswiri wofukula za m’mabwinja wa pa yunivesite ya New Mexico, amene anapeza koko m’mitsuko."Mitsuko ya silinda inatha, pomwe kumwa chokoleti sikunathe."

Pambuyo pa moto wa mtsuko mu 1100 CE, anthu a Ancestral Pueblo anasintha kumwa koko kuchokera mu makapu.Tsatanetsatane wa mwambo wawo wa silinda ya chokoleti imatayika pakapita nthawi.

Kuwerenga zoumba mbiya kungakhale kothandiza kwa asayansi omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri zakusinthana kovuta pakati pa Kumwera chakumadzulo ndi Mesoamerica.Mitsuko, makapu kapena mbale zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zofanana m'magulu osiyanasiyana.

Mu podcast yaposachedwa, a Crown adafotokoza komwe lingaliro lake loyesa mitsuko ya Chaco ya cocoa lidachokera.Amalankhula ndi katswiri wa Maya yemwe adawonetsa kuti mitsuko ya Mayan idagwiritsidwa ntchito kumwera chokoleti, ndipo Korona adadabwa ngati mitsuko ya Chaco mwina idagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira yomweyo.Maonekedwe a mtsukowo adawonetsa kwa Korona kuti pakadakhala kufalikira kwa malingaliro ndi miyambo komanso chokoleti chakuthupi.

"Panalibe khoma pamalire a United States ndi Mexico, kulola kuti kulumikizana, malingaliro ndi malonda aziyenda uku ndi uku" adatero Crown."Zimatithandiza kuganizira momwe zinthu zinalili zaka 1000 zapitazo tikayang'ana komwe tili pano."

Anthu a ku Pueblo ankagulitsa kwambiri koko.Anasinthana malingaliro, zinkhwe, zakudya zina, ndi njira zopangira mbiya ndi chitukuko cha dziko lonse lapansi.

"Izi zikutanthauza kuti panali anthu omwe amakolola cacao m'nkhalango za ku Mesoamerican ndikugulitsanso pagulu lalikulu kuti afikire anthu akumwera chakumadzulo.Zikuwonetsa chidziwitso chochulukirapo chomwe anthu anali nacho, "atero Rick."M'dziko lathu lamakono lapadziko lonse lapansi, nthawi zambiri sitiganiza za anthu, omwe ali ndi intaneti isanakwane komanso zoyendera anthu ambiri, kukhala ndi mitundu iyi yolumikizira zaka 1000 zapitazo."

Chaco Canyon National Historic Park ku New Mexico sichikuwoneka mofanana ndi momwe zinkakhalira ku Puebloans.Koma chigwachi sichinataye kufunika kwa chikhalidwe ndi chipembedzo kwa mbadwa za Chaco Canyon.Mafuko, kuphatikiza a Hopi, akupitiliza kuzindikira Chaco Canyon ngati gawo lofunikira pamwambo wawo.

“Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu sikungotengera lingaliro la kutha kwa chitukuko chonsechi,” anatero Dr. Gwyn Isaac, Woyang’anira Chikhalidwe cha Anthu Achimereka ku North America pamalo osungiramo zinthu zakale.“Pali ubale wochuluka ndi malowa ndipo ndi momwe mbiya imafikira tanthauzo lake.Mphamvu ndi malingaliro ndi mapangidwe omwe amapangidwa ndi mbiya akadali mbali yofunika kwambiri ya momwe mbiya imayamikiridwa lero.

Recovering Voices ndi pulogalamu yotsitsimula zilankhulo komanso chikhalidwe yomwe imalumikiza madera amtundu wa Smithsonian.Mwachitsanzo, oumba mbiya a Hopi amagwiritsa ntchito zosonkhanitsira kuti athandize kudziwa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana m'madera awo komanso kuyanjana ndi Smithsonian kuti amvetsetse bwino zosonkhanitsidwa malinga ndi mfundo zachikhalidwe.

"Tili ndi owumba ochokera ku Hopi abwere kudzagwira nafe ntchito zosonkhanitsa.Amagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chonse chomwe apeza paulendowu kuthandiza achinyamata kuphunzira za mbiya,” adatero Isaac.“Anthu amadzimva kukhala omangika komanso oyandikana ndi makolo awo akale pogwira ntchito youmba mbiya.Ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi zakale komanso zamakono. "

M'mbuyomu, mitsuko ya silinda ya Chaco idagwiritsidwa ntchito kumwa chokoleti.Ngakhale kuti sagwiritsidwanso ntchito kaamba ka cholinga chimenecho, sichabechabe.Ndi umboni wosatsutsika wakuti njira yamalonda yapakati pa Kumwera chakumadzulo ndi madera otentha inalipo ndipo ndi mbiri yakale ya oumba mbiya a mafuko.

"Chaco Canyon ndi mbiya zake ndizizindikiro za kupitiliza kwa maderawa, osati kusweka," adatero Isaac."Kwa madera awa, awa ndi malingaliro omwe akhalapo nthawi zonse.Koma kwa akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale ndi akatswiri a chikhalidwe cha anthu, tikuyenera kuphunzitsidwa bwino ndi maderawa za tanthauzo la malowa kwa iwo.”

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