01
Chifukwa chiyani chokoleti iyenera kutenthedwa
Choyamba, tisanapitirize ntchito zonse zopangira chokoleti, chinthu chimodzi chomwe tiyenera kudziwa ndi:
Chifukwa chiyani chokoleti imayenera kutenthedwa?
Chofunikira chachikulu cha chokoleti ndi batala wa cocoa.Pamapeto pake, kutenthetsa chokoleti ndi kutenthetsa batala wa cocoa.
Mafuta a Cocoa ndi owopsa kwambiri.Ilo lokha limapangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafuta acids, ndipo chiŵerengero chake ndi chosiyana kwambiri ndi mafuta ena.
Mkhope wamafuta olimba a batala wa cocoa ndi otsetsereka kwambiri, amayamba kufewa pa 28 ° C, ndipo pa 33 ° C, zolimba zimasanduka madzi.
Mitundu yopapatizayi yosungunuka koma pafupi ndi mawonekedwe a kutentha kwa thupi la munthu imapanga chidziwitso chapadera chomwe chokoleti chimatha kukhala cholimba kwambiri pa kutentha kwapakati, kumang'ambika ikalumidwa, koma kusungunuka nthawi yomweyo ikalowa.

Batala wa Cocoa ali ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya batala wolimba, ndipo nthawi zambiri pali 4 wamba.

Mitundu ya kristalo iyi idzasinthidwa mawonekedwe a crystalline pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makristalo ndi ma ratios ophatikizika apanga zokonda ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chokoleti.

Chifukwa chake, cholinga cha kusintha kwathu kwa kutentha ndikupeza ma polymorphism abwino kwambiri a homogeneous posintha kutentha, kuti kukoma kwa chokoleti kumakhala bwino komanso mawonekedwe ake abwino.

02

Njira zofananira zowotcha chokoleti

Chotsatira, zomwe tikuyenera kudziwa ndikuti njira zowotchera chokoleti ndi ziti?

Njira zowotchera chokoleti zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu inayi: njira yambewu, njira ya uvuni wa microwave, njira yowotcha ndi miyala ya marble, ndi njira yozizirira madzi;ziribe kanthu njira yomwe yasankhidwa, zinthu zitatu zomwe zimakhudza kutentha kwa chokoleti ndizofanana: kutentha, nthawi ndi kusonkhezera.zochita.

Pakati pa njira zinayi zotenthetsera, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi njira yowotchera miyala ya nsangalabwi.Kwenikweni, m'mahotela ambiri, kuphatikiza mipikisano yapadziko lonse ya chokoleti, njira yodziwika kwambiri yochepetsera ndi iyi.

Tsopano tiyeni titenge chokoleti cha mkaka mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tiwone masitepe enieni a njira yowotcha marble.

Gawo 1 - kutentha

Sungunulani chokoleticho, nthawi zambiri potenthetsa mpaka 40 ℃ m'madzi (chophika cha microwave chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, ndipo chimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa kuti chokoleti zisapse ndi kutentha kwambiri).Panthawi yosungunuka, iyenera kugwedezeka mosalekeza, ndipo samalani kuti mpweya wa madzi usalowe mu chokoleti..

Khwerero 2 - khalani pansi

Chotsani magawo awiri pa atatu a chokoleti chosungunuka mofanana ndikutsanulira pa tebulo la marble.Gwiritsani ntchito spatula kuti mudule mobwerezabwereza komanso mofulumira.Kuzizira mpaka chokoleti ikhale wandiweyani ndikumamatira ku spatula ndipo sungathe kutsika.

Kutentha panthawiyi ndi pafupifupi 25 ° C, ndipo chokoleti chapanga mafuta abwino kwambiri.Panthawiyi, muyenera kukanda chokoleticho pampando wa nsangalabwi kubwereranso mu 1/3 yotsala ya chokoleti kuti kutentha kusapitirire kutsika ndikutulutsa makhiristo oyipa (ngati kutentha kuli kotsika kwambiri, kutentha kuyenera kukhala kokwanira. kusinthidwanso kuchokera pa sitepe yoyamba).

Gawo 3 - kutentha

Sakani chokoleti chonse pa tebulo la marble kubwereranso mu 1/3 yotsala ya chokoleti kuti musakanize bwino ndi chokoleti chosasungunuka.Kutentha panthawiyi ndi pafupifupi 30 ° C (ndiko kuti, kutentha kwa ntchito, komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito podzaza nkhungu, zophimba kumbuyo, ndi kupanga zokongoletsera. Dikirani).

Ngati kutentha kwa chokoleti kuli kotsika kuposa 30 ° C, kudzakhala kowoneka bwino kwambiri kuti musapitirire ndi sitepe yotsatira.Panthawiyi, imatha kutenthedwa pang'ono mpaka 30 ° C m'madzi ( sitepeyi iyenera kusamala, ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu, makhiristo a mafuta adzasungunuka kachiwiri , Ndiye muyenera kusinthanso kutentha kuchokera pa sitepe yoyamba) .

Ngati mutsatira njira zomwe zili pamwambazi kuti mumalize opaleshoniyo molondola, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chokoleti chomwe chatenthedwa kuti mupitilize ntchito zotsatila monga kuumba jekeseni, kumiza, ndi kupanga.

Koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zotetezera kutentha kuti zithetse kutentha (monga chokoleti chosungira kutentha mphika).Kutentha kukakhala kozizira kwambiri ndipo chokoleti chimakhazikika, masitepe onse ayenera kubwerezedwa.

Kutentha kwapakati pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chokoleti

Zomwe tikuyeneranso kudziwa ndikuti mafuta amkaka akapezeka muzosakaniza za chokoleti amawonjezeka ndi 5%, kusungunuka kwa chokoleti kumachepa ndi 1 ° C.

Chifukwa chake, kupendekera kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso magawo osiyanasiyana a chokoleti ndi kosiyana.Ndi bwino kuyang'ana zoyikapo musanagwiritse ntchito.

https://youtu.be/YeVEUYBKrbw

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