Mis chocolate yog hlub los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thoob plaws ntiaj teb vim nws cov qab zib thiab creamy zoo nkauj.Cov khoom qab zib no tuaj yeem pom hauv txhua hom khoom noj txom ncauj, tab sis nws tsis yog noj qab haus huv tag nrho.Nyob rau hauv sib piv, tsaus chocolate muaj ntau theem ntawm phenolic tebchaw, uas muaj peev xwm muab antioxidant kev noj qab haus huv cov txiaj ntsig, tab sis nws kuj yog ib qho nyuaj, iab chocolate.Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm txoj hauv kev tshiab ntawm kev sib txuas cov mis nyuj chocolate nrog cov txiv laum huab xeeb cov tawv nqaij thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg los txhim kho nws cov khoom antioxidant.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau nthuav tawm lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm American Chemical Society (ACS) Virtual Conference thiab Expo nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg 2020. Lub rooj sib tham uas tau xaus nag hmo tau nthuav tawm ntau yam kev tshawb fawb, nrog ntau dua 6,000 cov lus qhuab qhia.
Lisa Dean, tus kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm tau hais tias "Lub tswv yim ntawm txoj haujlwm pib nrog kev sim tshuaj lom neeg ntawm ntau hom kev ua liaj ua teb pov tseg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov txiv laum huab xeeb tawv," said Lisa Dean, tus kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm."Peb lub hom phiaj thawj zaug yog txhawm rau rho tawm phenols ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab nrhiav txoj hauv kev sib xyaw nrog zaub mov."
Thaum cov tuam txhab ci thiab ua cov txiv laum huab xeeb los ua cov txiv laum huab xeeb, khoom qab zib, thiab lwm yam khoom, lawv muab cov ntawv liab daim tawv nqaij uas qhwv cov taum hauv lawv lub plhaub.Ntau txhiab tons ntawm txiv laum huab xeeb cov tawv nqaij raug muab pov tseg txhua xyoo, tab sis txij li thaum lawv muaj 15% phenolic tebchaw, lawv yog lub peev xwm kub mine rau antioxidant lom lom.Antioxidants tsis tsuas yog muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis kuj tseem pab tiv thaiv cov zaub mov lwj.
Qhov tseeb, lub ntuj muaj phenolic tebchaw muab tsaus chocolate ib tug iab saj.Piv nrog npawg nplawm mis nyuj chocolate, nws muaj roj tsawg thiab qab zib.Cov hom tsaus nti kuj tseem kim dua li cov mis nyuj vim lawv cov ntsiab lus cocoa ntau dua, yog li qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov khib nyiab xws li txiv laum huab xeeb tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws thiab pheej yig.Cov tawv nqaij ntawm txiv laum huab xeeb tsis yog cov khoom pov tseg nkaus xwb uas tuaj yeem txhim kho mis nyuj chocolate hauv txoj kev no.Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev los rho tawm thiab koom nrog phenolic tebchaw los ntawm khib nyiab kas fes, khib nyiab tshuaj yej thiab lwm yam khoom noj seem.
Txhawm rau tsim lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant-hloov mis nyuj chocolate, Dean thiab nws cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Tebchaws Meskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb (USDA) Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb tau ua haujlwm nrog lub tuam txhab txiv laum huab xeeb kom tau cov txiv laum huab xeeb.Los ntawm qhov ntawd, lawv zom cov tawv nqaij rau hauv cov hmoov thiab tom qab ntawd siv 70% ethanol los rho cov phenolic tebchaw.Qhov seem ntawm lignin thiab cellulose tuaj yeem siv los ua tsiaj pub rau roughage.Lawv kuj ua haujlwm nrog cov kas fes hauv zos thiab cov neeg tsim tshuaj yej los siv cov kev zoo sib xws los rho tawm cov tshuaj antioxidants los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no kom tau txais cov kas fes siv thiab tshuaj yej nplooj.Tom qab ntawd cov phenolic hmoov yog tov nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus additive maltodextrin kom nws yooj yim rau kev koom ua ke rau hauv cov khoom noj mis nyuj zaum kawg.
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias lawv cov khoom noj qab zib tshiab tuaj yeem dhau los ua khoom noj khoom haus, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ib qho square chocolate uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm phenols ntawm 0.1% mus rau 8.1%, thiab txhua tus neeg muaj kev paub txog kev saj.Lub hom phiaj yog ua kom cov phenolic hmoov nyob rau hauv saj ntawm mis nyuj chocolate undetectable.Cov neeg sim saj tau pom tias muaj ntau dua 0.9% tuaj yeem kuaj pom, tab sis kev koom ua ke ntawm phenolic resin ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 0.8% yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj ntawm kev ua haujlwm lom neeg yam tsis muaj kev txi lossis kev ntxhib los mos.Qhov tseeb, ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg sim saj nyiam 0.8% phenolic mis nyuj chocolate rau uncontrolled mis nyuj chocolate.Cov qauv no muaj cov tshuaj antioxidant ntau dua li cov chocolate tsaus nti.
Txawm hais tias cov txiaj ntsig no txhawb nqa, Dean thiab nws pab neeg tshawb fawb kuj lees paub tias txiv laum huab xeeb yog qhov teeb meem loj rau zaub mov tsis haum.Lawv tau kuaj cov phenolic hmoov ua los ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom pom muaj cov allergens.Txawm hais tias tsis pom muaj cov tshuaj ua xua, lawv tau hais tias cov khoom uas muaj cov txiv laum huab xeeb yuav tsum tseem sau npe tias muaj txiv laum huab xeeb.
Tom ntej no, cov kws tshawb fawb npaj yuav tshawb nrhiav ntxiv txog kev siv cov txiv laum huab xeeb, cov kas fes thiab lwm yam khoom pov tseg rau lwm yam khoom noj.Tshwj xeeb, Dean cia siab tias yuav sim seb cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov txiv laum huab xeeb puas tuaj yeem txuas lub neej txee ntawm cov txiv ntoo butters, uas tuaj yeem rot sai vim lawv cov ntsiab lus muaj roj.Txawm hais tias kev lag luam khoom lag luam ntawm nws cov khoom qab zib zoo dua tseem nyob deb thiab xav tau patented los ntawm lub tuam txhab, lawv cia siab tias lawv cov kev siv zog thaum kawg yuav ua rau cov mis nyuj chocolate ntawm lub khw muag khoom zoo dua.

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