Lokacin da wani masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi ya gano burbushin ragowar cacao a cikin tulunan shan silinda na Puebloan shekaru goma da suka gabata, abubuwan da ke faruwa sun yi yawa.Binciken da ta yi game da cakulan ya tabbatar da cewa mazauna kudu maso yammacin hamada a Chaco Canyon sun kasance suna ciniki tare da masu girbi na cacao na Mesoamerican, kamar Maya, har zuwa 900 AZ.

Amma tasoshin shan suna da mahimmanci kamar cakulan da ke ɓoye a cikin su.Su ne tabbataccen rayayyun al'adar yin tukwane da ke ci gaba a zuriyar zuriyar Chaco Canyon Puebloans a yau.

A farkon shekarun 1900, Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halitta na Smithsonian ya haɗu da balaguron kayan tarihi wanda ya tattara wasu tasoshin silinda daga Chaco Canyon.Biyu daga cikinsu yanzu suna kan nuni a wurin baje kolin "Abubuwan Al'ajabi" na gidan kayan gargajiya.Samun tulun yana tunatar da gidan kayan tarihi na mulkin mallaka a baya, amma a zamanin yau masana tarihin gidan kayan gargajiya suna da wata sabuwar manufa ta tulunan da sauran tukwane: don haɗa su da ƴan asalin ƙasar waɗanda ke jagorantar farfaɗo da al'adu a cikin al'ummominsu.

Misali, shirin Muryar Murya na gidan kayan gargajiya yana aiki tare da al'ummomin ƴan asalin kamar zuriyar Hopi na Chaco Puebloans don ƙarin fahimtar al'adun yin tukwane.Har ila yau, yana kawo matattun tukwane a cikin tarin domin su yi nazarinsa ga tsararraki masu zuwa.

"Dole ne mu gane cewa duniya ta canza da yawa kuma yawancin gidajen tarihi sun sami damar zuwa wuraren da watakila bai kamata ba.Yanzu yana da mahimmanci mu zauna mu saurari abin da mutane da manyan al'ummomi za su gaya mana," in ji Dokta Torben Rick, Ma'aikacin Arewacin Amirka Archeology a gidan kayan gargajiya.“Da yawa na iya fitowa daga wannan.Ina ganin yana da mahimmanci ga Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi ya ci gaba da ƙoƙarin zama mai mai da hankali kan al'umma a nan gaba.

Kusan farkon karni na 12, Chaco Canyon ya ga ƙarshen kwalabe na shan silinda kwatsam.Puebloans sun tattara kusan 112 na kwalba a cikin wani daki a Pueblo Bonito sannan kuma suka kunna wa dakin wuta.Ko da yake sun ci gaba da shan cakulan, amma ba su ƙara yin amfani da kwalba na silinda ba, yana nuna cewa kwalban suna da mahimmanci a addini kamar cacao kanta.

“An ga jiragen suna da ƙarfi kuma an lalata su da wuta.Shaidun sun nuna cewa jiragen ruwa ne na musamman,” in ji Dokta Patricia Crown, wani masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi a Jami’ar New Mexico, wanda ya gano cacao a cikin tulunan."Cylinder kwalba ya ƙare, yayin da shan cakulan bai yi ba."

Bayan gobarar kwalba a shekara ta 1100 AZ, mutanen Pueblo na kakanni sun koma shan cacao daga cikin mugs.Cikakken bayanin al'adarsu na cakulan silinda jar sun ɓace cikin lokaci.

Nazarin tukwane na iya zama da amfani ga masana kimiyya masu sha'awar ƙarin koyo game da rikitarwa mai rikitarwa tsakanin Kudu maso Yamma da Mesoamerica.Za a iya amfani da kwalabe, mugs ko kwano masu siffa iri ɗaya don irin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin al'ummomi daban-daban.

A cikin faifan bidiyo na baya-bayan nan, Crown ta bayyana inda tunaninta na gwada kwalban Chaco don cacao ya samo asali.Ta yi magana da wani ƙwararrun Mayan wanda ya nuna cewa ana amfani da kwalban Mayan don shan cakulan, kuma Crown ya yi mamakin ko an yi amfani da kwalban Chaco haka.Siffar kwalba ta nuna wa Crown cewa za a iya samun yaɗuwar motsin ra'ayoyi da al'adu da cakulan na zahiri.

"Babu wani katanga a kan iyakar Amurka da Mexico, wanda ke ba da damar yin mu'amala, ra'ayoyi da kayayyakin kasuwanci su koma baya," in ji Crown."Yana taimaka mana muyi tunanin yadda abubuwa suka bambanta shekaru 1000 da suka gabata idan muka kalli inda muke yanzu."

Puebloans sun kasance ciniki fiye da cacao.Sun yi musayar ra'ayi, aku, sauran abinci, da dabarun yin tukwane tare da wayewa a fadin duniya.

"Wannan yana nufin akwai mutanen da suke girbin cacao a cikin dazuzzukan Mesoamerican kuma suna kasuwanci ta hanyar babbar hanyar sadarwa don isa ga mutane a Kudu maso Yamma.Ya nuna babban tushen ilimin da mutane suke da shi, ”in ji Rick."A cikin duniyarmu ta zamani ta duniya, sau da yawa ba ma tunanin mutane, pre-internet da jigilar jama'a, kamar samun irin waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa sama da shekaru 1000 da suka gabata."

Gidan Tarihin Tarihi na Chaco Canyon a New Mexico bai yi kama da yadda ya yi da Puebloans ba.Amma kogin bai rasa muhimmancin al'adu da addini ga zuriyar Chaco Canyon ba.Ƙabilu, ciki har da Hopi, suna ci gaba da gane Chaco Canyon a matsayin muhimmin sashi na al'adarsu.

"Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan shine kada a saya cikin ra'ayin bacewar wannan wayewar gaba daya," in ji Dokta Gwyn Isaac, mai kula da al'adun 'yan asalin Arewacin Amirka a gidan kayan gargajiya.“Har yanzu akwai dangi da yawa tare da waɗannan wuraren kuma ta haka ne tukwane ya shigo cikin ma’anarsa.Ƙarfafawa da ra'ayoyi da ƙira waɗanda ake aiwatar da su tare da tukwane har yanzu suna cikin yadda ake daraja tukwanen a yau. "

Farfado da Muryoyi shiri ne na farfado da harshe da al'adu wanda ke haɗa al'ummomin ƴan asali tare da tarin Smithsonian.Misali, masu tukwane na Hopi suna amfani da tarin don sauƙaƙe ilimin tsakanin tsararraki a cikin al'ummominsu da haɗin gwiwa tare da Smithsonian don inganta fahimtar tarin abubuwan da suka shafi dabi'un 'yan asalin.

"Muna da tukwane daga Hopi sun zo aiki a kan tarin tare da mu.Suna amfani da duk ilimin da suke samu daga ziyarar don taimaka wa matasa masu tasowa su koyi tukwane,” in ji Isaac.“Mutane suna jin an ɗaure su kuma suna kusa da kakanninsu ta hanyar yin aiki da tukwane.Hanya ce ta haɗi da abin da ya gabata da na yanzu. "

A da, ana amfani da kwalban Chaco cylinder don shan cakulan.Ko da yake an daina amfani da su don wannan dalili, ba su da ma'ana.Suna da kwakkwaran shaida cewa hanyar kasuwanci mai ƙarfi tsakanin Kudu maso Yamma da na wurare masu zafi ta wanzu kuma sun kasance tarihin rayuwa ga zuriyar tukwane.

"Chaco Canyon da tukwanensa alamu ne ga waɗannan al'ummomin na ci gaba, ba fashewa ba," in ji Isaac."Ga waɗannan al'ummomin, waɗannan ra'ayoyi ne da suka kasance a koyaushe.Amma ga masu binciken kayan tarihi da kuma ’yan Adam, dole ne mu kara fahimtar da wadannan al’ummomin kan abin da wadannan wuraren ke nufi da su.”

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